Before 1502 the East African city of
Mombasa
Mombasa ( ; ) is a coastal city in southeastern Kenya along the Indian Ocean. It was the first capital of the British East Africa, before Nairobi was elevated to capital city status. It now serves as the capital of Mombasa County. The town is ...
was part of the
Kilwa Sultanate
The Kilwa Sultanate ( fa, پادشاهی کیلوا) was a sultanate, centered at Kilwa Kisiwani, Kilwa (an island off modern-day, Kilwa District in Lindi Region of Tanzania), whose authority, at its height, stretched over the entire length of t ...
. The independent Mombasa
sultan
Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...
ate named ''Mvita'' (Swahili) or ''Manbasa'' (Arabic) was then established, but was conquered by the
Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire ( pt, Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas (''Ultramar Português'') or the Portuguese Colonial Empire (''Império Colonial Português''), was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and the l ...
during the 16th century. After this control alternated between the Portuguese and the
Sultanate of Oman
Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...
, before the establishment of the British
East Africa Protectorate
East Africa Protectorate (also known as British East Africa) was an area in the African Great Lakes occupying roughly the same terrain as present-day Kenya from the Indian Ocean inland to the border with Uganda in the west. Controlled by Britai ...
in 1887. Mombasa became part of independent Kenya in 1963.
{, border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse"
, - align=left
! width="18%", Tenure
! width="30%", Incumbent
! width="20%", Notes
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", Portuguese Suzerainty
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1593 to 1596, ,
Mateus de Vasconcelos,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1596 to 1598, ,
António de Andrade
António de Andrade (1580 – March 19, 1634) was a Jesuit priest and explorer from Portugal. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1596. From 1600 until his death in 1634 he was engaged in missionary activity in India. Andrade was the first known ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1598 to 1606, ,
Rui Soares de Melo,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1606 to 1609, ,
Gaspar Pereira,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1609 to 1610, ,
Pedro de Abreu
Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter.
The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1610 to 1614, ,
Manuel Pereira,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1614 to 1620, ,
Simão Pereira
Simão Pereira is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil.
See also
*List of municipalities in Minas Gerais
This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), located in the Southeast ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1620 to 1625, ,
Francisco Pereira
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''.
Nicknames
In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1625 to 1629, ,
Marçal de Macedo,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1629 to 15 August 1631, ,
Pedro de Gambôa,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
15 August 1631 to 1635, ,
Pedro Botelho,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1635 to ''1638'', ,
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''.
Nicknames
In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
1st Term
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", ''Portuguese Colony under
Goa
Goa () is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is located between the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the ...
''
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
''1638'' to 1639, ,
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''.
Nicknames
In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
1st Term
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1639 to 1642, ,
Martim Manuel,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1642 to 1643, , ....,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1643 to 1646, ,
Manuel Coutinho,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1646 to 1651, ,
António de Meneses,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1651 to 1653, ,
Francisco de Seixas e Cabreira
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''.
Nicknames
In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
2nd Term
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1653 to 1658, , ...,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1658 to 1663, , José da Silva,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1663 to 1667, ,
Manuel de Campos
Manuel may refer to:
People
* Manuel (name)
* Manuel (Fawlty Towers), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers''
* Charlie Manuel, manager of the Philadelphia Phillies
* Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire
* M ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1667 to 1670, ,
João Cota
João is the Portuguese equivalent of the given name John. The diminutive is Joãozinho and the feminine is Joana. It is widespread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Notable people with the name are enumerated in the sections below.
Kings
* ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1670 to 1671, , ''vacant'', ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1671 to 1673, ,
João da Costa
João is the Portuguese equivalent of the given name John. The diminutive is Joãozinho and the feminine is Joana. It is widespread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Notable people with the name are enumerated in the sections below.
Kings
* J ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1673 to 1676, ,
Manuel de Campos
Manuel may refer to:
People
* Manuel (name)
* Manuel (Fawlty Towers), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers''
* Charlie Manuel, manager of the Philadelphia Phillies
* Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire
* M ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1676 to 1679, ,
Francisco Faria
Francisco is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the masculine given name ''Franciscus''.
Nicknames
In Spanish, people with the name Francisco are sometimes nicknamed "Paco". San Francisco de Asís was known as ''Pater Comunitatis'' (father of ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1679 to 16??, ,
Manuel Franco
Manuel Franco (July 9, 1871 – June 5, 1919) was President of Paraguay from August 15, 1916, to June 5, 1919.
Childhood and Youth
Doctor Manuel Franco was born in Concepción on June 9, 1871, in times of the government of Cirilo Antonio Rivar ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
16?? to 1682, ,
Pedro Henriques
Pedro Ricardo Quintela Henriques (born 16 October 1974) is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a left-back.
He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 222 matches and six goals over 12 seasons, representing mainly Benfica and Vitória de Set ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1682 to 1686, ,
João Portugal
João is the Portuguese equivalent of the given name John. The diminutive is Joãozinho and the feminine is Joana. It is widespread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Notable people with the name are enumerated in the sections below.
Kings
* ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1688 to 1693, ,
Duarte de Melo Duarte may refer to:
* Duarte (surname), person's surname (or composed surname) and given name
* Duarte, California, United States
* Duarte Province, Dominican Republic
* Pico Duarte
Pico Duarte is the highest peak in the Dominican Republic, on th ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1693 to 1694, ,
Pascual Sarmento
Pascual is a Spanish given name and surname, cognate of Italian name Pasquale, Portuguese name Pascoal and French name Pascal. In Catalan-speaking area (including Andorra, Valencia, and Balearic islands) Pascual has the variant Pasqual.
Pa ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1694 to 1696, ,
João Leão
João Rodrigo Reis Carvalho Leão (born 15 February 1974) is a Portuguese economist, university professor, and politician. He served as Minister of Finance in the government of Prime Minister António Costa of Portugal, sworn in on 15 June 2020 ...
,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1696 to 1697, ,
Antonio de Melo,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1697 to 1698, ,
Dau, príncipe de Faza,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1698 to 12 December 1698, ,
Leonardo Barbosa Souto-Maior,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Oman
Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...
i Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Wali
A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by the ...
( Swahili: Liwali
''Wāli'', ''Wā'lī'' or ''vali'' (from ar, والي ''Wālī'') is an administrative title that was used in the Muslim World (including the Caliphate and Ottoman Empire) to designate governors of administrative divisions. It is still in us ...
) (Governors)
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
12 December 1698 to December 1698, ,
Imam Sa‘if ibn Sultan,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
December 1698 to 12 March 1728, ,
Nasr ibn Abdallah al-Mazru‘i,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", Portuguese Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", ''Portuguese Colony under
Goa
Goa () is a state on the southwestern coast of India within the Konkan region, geographically separated from the Deccan highlands by the Western Ghats. It is located between the Indian states of Maharashtra to the north and Karnataka to the ...
''
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
12 March 1728 to 21 September 1729, ,
Álvaro Caetano de Melo Castro,
Captain-Major, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Oman
Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...
i Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Wali
A wali (''wali'' ar, وَلِيّ, '; plural , '), the Arabic word which has been variously translated "master", "authority", "custodian", "protector", is most commonly used by Muslims to indicate an Islamic saint, otherwise referred to by the ...
( Swahili: Liwali
''Wāli'', ''Wā'lī'' or ''vali'' (from ar, والي ''Wālī'') is an administrative title that was used in the Muslim World (including the Caliphate and Ottoman Empire) to designate governors of administrative divisions. It is still in us ...
) (Governors)
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1729 to 1735, , ...,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1735 to 1739, ,
Sa‘id al-Hadermi,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1739 to 1745, ,
Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1746, ,
‘Ali ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", ''Independent (disputed with
Oman
Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...
)''
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1746 to 1755, ,
Sultan ‘Ali ibn Uthman al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1755 to 1773, ,
Sultan Masud ibn Naisr al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1773 to 1782, ,
Sultan Abdallah ibn Muhammad al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1782 to 1811, ,
Sultan Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1812 to 1823, ,
Sultan ‘Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Oman
Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of t ...
i Suzerainty
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1823 to 1826, ,
Sultan Sulayman ibn ‘Ali al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1826 to March 1835, ,
Salim ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
March 1835 to 1836, ,
Nasur ibn Ahmad al-Mazru‘i,
Wali, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1836 to 1837, ,
Rashid ibn Salim al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1837 to 24 June 1837, ,
Khamis ibn Rashid al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1837 to 1860, ,
Abdallah ibn Hamish al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1860 to 1873, ,
Mubarrak ibn Rashid al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
1873 to 1 July 1895, ,
Rashid ibn Hamish al-Mazru‘i, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", British Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", ''British Protectorate''
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
9 February 1824 to 13 February 1824, ,
William Fitzwilliam Owen
Vice Admiral William Fitzwilliam Owen (17 September 1774 – 3 November 1857), was a Kingdom of Great Britain, British naval officer and explorer. He is best known for his exploration of the west and east African coasts, discovery of the Sea ...
,
Governor, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
13 February 1824 to 29 May 1824, ,
John James Reitz,
Governor, ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
29 May 1824 to September 1824, , ''vacant'', ,
, - valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec"
,
September 1824 to 25 July 1826, ,
J.B. Emery,
Governor, ,
, - valign=top
, colspan="3",
Zanzibar
Zanzibar (; ; ) is an insular semi-autonomous province which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania. It is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of the mainland, and consists of many small islands ...
i Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, 24 June 1837, , colspan="2", ''Annexed by Zanzibar''
, - valign=top
, colspan="3", British Suzerainty
, - valign=top
, 25 May 1887, , colspan="2", ''Administration handed to the British East Africa Association ''
, - valign=top
, 1 July 1895, , colspan="2", ''Kenya protectorate coastal strip nominally under Zanzibari sovereignty''
, - valign=top
, 12 December 1963, , colspan="2", ''Incorporated into independent Kenya''
See also
*
Kenya
)
, national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"()
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Nairobi
, coordinates =
, largest_city = Nairobi
, ...
**
Heads of State of Kenya
This is a list of the heads of state of Kenya, from the independence of Kenya in 1963 to the present day.
From 1963 to 1964 the head of state under the Constitution of 1963 was the queen of Kenya, Elizabeth II, who was also the queen of the ...
**
Heads of Government of Kenya
The president of the Republic of Kenya () is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Kenya. The President is also the head of the executive branch of the Government of Kenya and is the commander-in-chief of the Kenya Defenc ...
**
Colonial Heads of Kenya
This article contains a list of chairmen, administrators, commissioners and governors of British Kenya Colony.
The office of Governor of Kenya was replaced by the office of Governor General in 1963 and then later replaced by a President of Kenya ...
*
Lists of incumbents
These are lists of incumbents (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities.
A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders.
Incumbents may also ...
Mombasa, Rulers
Mombasa
Mombasa ( ; ) is a coastal city in southeastern Kenya along the Indian Ocean. It was the first capital of the British East Africa, before Nairobi was elevated to capital city status. It now serves as the capital of Mombasa County. The town is ...
Mombasa
Mombasa ( ; ) is a coastal city in southeastern Kenya along the Indian Ocean. It was the first capital of the British East Africa, before Nairobi was elevated to capital city status. It now serves as the capital of Mombasa County. The town is ...
Mombasa